The pessimistic views are triggered by the decreasing Indonesian democracy Aspinall et al, ; Fossati et al. NU promotes moderate Islam overseas to make its voices heard within the Islamic communities and broader public in the host country and maintain socio-religious connections with the home country. There were two major characteristics for defining diaspora, i. Yet the Muslim diaspora has always contained internal diversity and fragmentation reflecting the division of the worldwide Muslim communities. This paper aims to understand the contribution of Indonesian Muslim diaspora by mapping the role of Indonesian Muslim Organizations in the Netherlands by socio-historical perspectives.
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